Five New Languages Declared Classical by Indian Government: A Cultural Milestone
Team FS
05/Oct/2024

Key Takeaways
Five languages—Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, and Bengali—have been granted Classical status, increasing the total to eleven.
This decision emphasizes the languages' antiquity and literary heritage, not just original literary traditions.
The inclusion of Marathi fulfills a long-standing demand in Maharashtra, promoting cultural prestige and educational benefits.
On October 4, 2024, the Indian government announced a significant expansion of its list of Classical Languages, recognizing Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, and Bengali. This decision, made by the Ministry of Culture, raises the total number of Classical Languages in India to eleven, reflecting a deeper commitment to preserving and promoting the rich linguistic heritage of the country.
Criteria for Recognition
The revised criteria for these languages focused on their antiquity and literary heritage, moving away from the previous requirement that the literary tradition be entirely original and not borrowed from other speech communities. This change recognizes the historical and cultural contributions of these languages, many of which have roots extending back over 1500-2000 years.
Significance of the Inclusion
The recognition of these languages, especially Marathi, has been a long-standing demand in Maharashtra, where there is a strong cultural pride associated with the language. Political leaders and community advocates have long championed the cause, emphasizing that the status would not only enhance the cultural prestige of these languages but also open avenues for their development and preservation.
This move is anticipated to yield several benefits:
Cultural Promotion: The Classical status will likely encourage more academic research and cultural activities centered around these languages, enriching the understanding and appreciation of their literary heritage.
Educational Opportunities: The government may introduce educational initiatives aimed at promoting the study and use of these languages, leading to their revitalization among younger generations.
Political and Cultural Impact
The decision has sparked significant discussions across various states, particularly in Maharashtra and Assam, where the inclusion of these languages is viewed as politically significant ahead of upcoming elections. Political figures, including Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Devendra Fadnavis, have been praised for their efforts in recognizing and promoting the cultural significance of these languages.
Conclusion
The inclusion of Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, and Bengali into the category of Classical Languages marks a landmark moment in India’s cultural landscape. This decision not only acknowledges the rich historical and literary heritage of these languages but also symbolizes a broader commitment to preserving and promoting India's diverse cultural identity. The recognition is expected to foster a renewed interest in these languages, ensuring their continued relevance and vitality in the modern era.
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