Manipur has been witnessing severe ethnic violence since May 2023, leading to the death of over 250 people and the displacement of thousands. The conflict stems from tensions between the majority Meitei community, based in Imphal Valley, and the Kuki-Zo tribal groups residing in the adjoining hill districts.

The violence escalated after a ‘Tribal Solidarity March’ was organized in the hill districts, protesting against the Meitei community’s demand for Scheduled Tribe (ST) status. Since then, there have been numerous attempts by the central government to bring both communities to the negotiating table.

Pre-Conditions Set by Kuki Zo Leadership

Ahead of the April 5 peace talks in New Delhi, the Kuki leadership from Kangpokpi district has laid down three key conditions:

1. Restricted Movement – No cross-movement of Meitei individuals in Kuki-Zo dominated areas and vice versa to prevent further violence.

2. Ceasefire for Six Months – Both communities must halt hostilities for at least six months to create a peaceful atmosphere for negotiations.

3. Structured Dialogue Process – The Centre must initiate a formal and meaningful discussion process to ensure long-term peace.

These demands were finalized during a consultation meeting organized by the Committee on Tribal Unity (COTU) in Kangpokpi.

Centre’s Role in Mediation

In an effort to control the situation, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has invited both Kuki Zo and Meitei representatives for discussions in New Delhi on April 5. This meeting is expected to lay the foundation for a long-term resolution to the ethnic conflict.

To address the escalating violence, the Centre imposed President’s Rule in Manipur on February 13, 2025, after Chief Minister N Biren Singh resigned from his position.

Impact of the Conflict on Manipur

• Loss of Lives and Displacement – The ethnic clashes have resulted in significant casualties and displacement of communities.

• Political and Administrative Uncertainty – With President’s Rule in place, administration in Manipur is now under central control.

• Security Challenges – The state remains volatile, with security forces deployed to prevent further violence.

What’s Next?

The April 5 talks will be crucial in determining the next steps toward a permanent solution to the ethnic conflict in Manipur. The Centre’s role in addressing the demands of the Kuki Zo leaders and ensuring a peaceful negotiation process will be closely watched.

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