India and Bangladesh have seen rising tensions in bilateral ties following the ouster of Sheikh Hasina and the installation of an interim government led by Mohammad Yunus. However, signs of potential diplomatic engagement have emerged, with reports suggesting that PM Narendra Modi may meet Mohammad Yunus on the sidelines of the 6th BIMSTEC Summit in Thailand.

If confirmed, this meeting would be the first direct interaction between the two leaders since Sheikh Hasina’s departure, marking a potential thaw in the strained relationship between India and Bangladesh.

India-Bangladesh Relations Post Hasina’s Exit

Relations between New Delhi and Dhaka have deteriorated significantly since the interim government took charge in August 2024. Several flashpoints have contributed to the tensions, including:

• Rising violence against Hindus in Bangladesh, leading to India’s strong concerns.

• The arrest of ISKCON monk Chinmay Krishna Das on sedition charges, which caused an uproar in India.

• Bangladesh’s growing ties with China, particularly Yunus’ controversial remarks during his recent Beijing visit.

Despite these tensions, India has not ruled out a diplomatic engagement. Dhaka has officially requested a meeting between Yunus and PM Modi, with Bangladesh’s High Representative Khalilur Rahman expressing optimism about its likelihood.

What Could Be Discussed?

If the meeting occurs, several critical issues are likely to be addressed:

1. Security and Hindu Safety Concerns

   • India has expressed deep concerns about the rising attacks on Hindu temples and businesses in Bangladesh.

   • The influence of radical Islamist groups in Bangladesh is another major worry.

   • India may seek assurances on protecting minorities in Bangladesh.

2. Economic and Regional Cooperation

   • Yunus’ government is pushing for stronger economic ties with China, which India sees as a strategic concern.

   • PM Modi may discuss the importance of balanced trade and regional cooperation within BIMSTEC.

3. Rohingya Crisis & Border Security

   • Bangladesh has long sought India’s help in addressing the Rohingya refugee issue.

   • India is concerned about border security and illegal migration, which may be discussed.

Yunus’ Controversial China Visit

Another key factor impacting India-Bangladesh relations is Yunus’ recent visit to China, where he signed nine agreements with Chinese President Xi Jinping.

What caused further tension was Yunus’ controversial remarks about India’s Northeastern states. He suggested that the region is landlocked and could benefit from Bangladesh’s access to the ocean—comments that Indian leaders across party lines condemned as provocative.

While Yunus’ representatives later downplayed the remarks, claiming they were “misinterpreted,” the incident escalated diplomatic sensitivities between the two countries.

PM Modi’s Outreach Amid Tensions

Despite the challenges, PM Modi extended an olive branch on Bangladesh’s National Day (March 26), writing to Yunus about the importance of strong India-Bangladesh ties. His message emphasized:

• Shared history and sacrifices during Bangladesh’s Liberation War.

• The need for cooperation on regional peace and stability.

• Commitment to mutual interests despite political changes.

This diplomatic message hints at India’s willingness to engage with Bangladesh, despite recent strains.

Bangladesh’s Role at BIMSTEC

The BIMSTEC Summit in Thailand will also see Bangladesh taking over as the chair of the organization. As a key regional player, Dhaka’s role in BIMSTEC could further influence how India approaches diplomatic ties moving forward.

Conclusion

While India-Bangladesh relations remain strained, a potential meeting between PM Modi and Yunus at BIMSTEC could signal diplomatic re-engagement. With issues like Hindu safety, China’s growing presence, and regional cooperation at stake, this interaction could shape the next phase of India’s foreign policy toward its eastern neighbor.

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