The United States has intensified its diplomatic efforts to negotiate a ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah, with US envoy Amos Hochstein arriving in Beirut on Tuesday. Hochstein, who oversees Israel-Hezbollah affairs for the White House, is engaging with Lebanese leaders to advance a US-drafted proposal aimed at halting the conflict, which has persisted for nearly 14 months.

The Diplomatic Agenda

Hochstein's visit includes meetings with Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati and parliamentary speaker Nabih Berri, who mediates between Western nations and Hezbollah. While Lebanese officials have shown tentative support for the proposal, certain unresolved issues remain. Mikati acknowledged reservations in an interview with Al-Araby TV, emphasizing the need for further discussions.

Depending on progress in Beirut, Hochstein may travel to Israel to discuss the plan with Israeli officials.

Key Elements of the Ceasefire Proposal

The proposed truce draws on UN Security Council Resolution 1701, which ended the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah war. While both sides previously violated its terms, the resolution remains a framework for peace.

Key provisions include:

• Hezbollah’s Withdrawal: Relocating Hezbollah fighters 30 kilometers from the Lebanon-Israel border.
• Return of Displaced Civilians: Allowing displaced populations in southern Lebanon and northern Israel to return home.
• Israeli Strike Authority: Israel seeks the right to strike Hezbollah positions if violations occur, a condition opposed by both Hezbollah and the Lebanese government.

Current State of the Conflict

The fighting between Israel and Hezbollah continues, even as ceasefire negotiations are underway.

• Recent Escalations:

  • Israel has increased airstrikes on Beirut and other parts of Lebanon.
  • Hezbollah launched a missile at Tel Aviv, intercepted by Israeli defenses but causing injuries from debris.

• Casualties and Displacement:

  • Over 2,500 deaths in Lebanon due to airstrikes and ground offensives in recent months.
  • Approximately 1.2 million people displaced in Lebanon.
  • Around 50 Israeli troops killed in southern Lebanon combat.

Broader Implications

The conflict underscores the delicate balance of power in the Middle East.

1. For Israel:
   Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu insists on securing northern Israel by neutralizing Hezbollah's threat.
2. For Lebanon:
   Hezbollah's dual role as a militia and political entity complicates the Lebanese government’s ability to manage the group’s military actions.
3. For the US:
   President Joe Biden’s administration aims to resolve the conflict before the current term ends, leveraging diplomacy to stabilize the region.

Challenges Ahead

Despite the push for peace, both sides remain entrenched in their positions.

• Hezbollah opposes Israel’s proposed terms, particularly its insistence on retaining strike rights.
• Israel continues its military operations, seeking to maintain pressure on Hezbollah.

The coming days will reveal whether the US-led negotiations can yield tangible progress or if the region faces prolonged conflict. Hochstein’s efforts could mark a pivotal moment in the pursuit of peace between Israel and Hezbollah.

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