In a landmark move, the West Bengal Assembly has passed the 'Aparajita' Bill, officially known as the Aparajita Woman and Child Bill, 2024. This legislation, which introduces the death penalty for rape, has been enacted in response to the harrowing RG Kar Hospital rape and murder case. This bill represents a significant shift in the legal landscape concerning sexual offenses in India.

Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee and her party, the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), have championed the bill as a progressive measure aimed at enhancing women's safety and ensuring stringent punishment for perpetrators of sexual violence. They have promoted it as a necessary step for other states to consider adopting, underscoring their commitment to addressing serious crimes against women with the utmost severity.

However, the bill has ignited a heated debate. Legal experts and critics argue that the imposition of the death penalty may not necessarily lead to better outcomes in terms of conviction rates. They warn that such stringent penalties could set an unattainably high standard of proof, potentially making it more difficult to secure convictions and thereby failing to provide justice in many cases. Critics also argue that the bill might be more of a political maneuver than a genuine solution to the issues of rape and sexual violence.

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Opposition to the bill has come from various quarters, with some accusing the ruling party of using the issue for political gain rather than focusing on effective measures to combat sexual violence. This perspective suggests that while the bill might be a well-intentioned response to a tragic incident, it may not address the underlying issues that contribute to sexual violence.

The passing of the Aparajita Bill has also led to widespread public demonstrations. Massive protests have erupted across Kolkata, with citizens expressing their outrage and demanding justice for the RG Kar victim. These demonstrations reflect a broader national discourse on how best to address and prevent sexual violence through legislative means.

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