The Government of India has taken significant steps to boost 5G connectivity across the country by implementing a range of initiatives under the Digital Bharat Nidhi (DBN) to strengthen telecom infrastructure and extend mobile services to remote and underserved areas.

Major Initiatives to Enhance Connectivity

Several landmark projects have been launched to improve telecommunication services and expand digital inclusion under the DBN framework:

1. Comprehensive Telecom Development Plan (CTDP)

The Comprehensive Telecom Development Plan (CTDP) focuses on providing mobile services in the North Eastern Region, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, and Lakshadweep. The Government has allocated Rs. 4,050 crore (US$ 469.20 million) towards this initiative, aiming to connect remote and border areas with reliable mobile networks.

2. Mobile Services Scheme for Left Wing Extremism (LWE) Affected Areas and Aspirational Districts

To promote digital connectivity in Left Wing Extremism (LWE) affected regions and Aspirational Districts, the Government is implementing a mobile services scheme with an investment of Rs. 13,179 crore (US$ 1.53 billion). This project aims to enhance connectivity in high-risk areas, ensuring seamless communication and development.

3. 4G Saturation Project

The 4G Saturation Project is another critical initiative designed to provide 4G mobile connectivity to uncovered villages across India. With a budget of Rs. 26,300 crore (US$ 3.05 billion), this project aims to cover unserved villages and improve digital inclusion.

4. BharatNet Project Expansion

To strengthen broadband access in Gram Panchayats (GPs) and villages, the BharatNet project has been expanded to ensure last-mile connectivity. This project plays a crucial role in connecting rural India to high-speed broadband services and promoting digital literacy.

Boosting 5G Connectivity with Policy Reforms

To accelerate 5G deployment, the Government has introduced several policy reforms and measures, ensuring faster, cost-effective, and seamless 5G expansion across the country.

1. Spectrum Auction and Policy Reforms

• Spectrum Auction: The auctioning of spectrum was conducted efficiently, ensuring adequate spectrum availability for telecom operators.
• Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR) Reforms: The Government introduced financial reforms for AGR to reduce the financial burden on telecom operators.
• Removal of Spectrum Usage Charges (SUC): SUC was abolished for spectrum auctions conducted post-2022, making 5G rollout more economical and efficient.

2. Simplification of Clearance Procedures

• SACFA Clearance Simplification: The Government has simplified the Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency Allocations (SACFA) clearance process to expedite spectrum allocation for 5G services.
• PM GatiShakti Sanchar Portal: The launch of the PM GatiShakti Sanchar portal has streamlined the Right of Way (RoW) permissions, significantly reducing the time taken to secure approvals for telecom infrastructure deployment.

3. Right of Way (RoW) Permissions

By streamlining Right of Way (RoW) processes, the Government has ensured faster and more efficient laying of fiber optic cables and installation of telecom towers, contributing to speedy 5G rollout.

Progress of 5G Rollout in India

Since the launch of 5G in October 2022, India has witnessed one of the fastest 5G rollouts globally. As of March 2025, a total of 4.69 lakh 5G Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs) have been installed across the country, with 2.95 lakh BTSs deployed in FY24 alone.

Key Highlights of 5G Rollout

• 99.6% of Districts Covered: Currently, 99.6% of districts in India have access to 5G services, positioning India as a global leader in 5G infrastructure deployment.
• Increased Rural Connectivity: With the focus on rural and remote connectivity, 5G services have extended beyond urban areas, promoting digital inclusion and connectivity in underserved regions.

Government’s Commitment to Digital India

The Government’s Digital Bharat Nidhi (DBN) framework has played a pivotal role in driving India’s digital transformation. By addressing infrastructure gaps, reforming telecom policies, and introducing innovative solutions, the Government is ensuring that 5G services reach every corner of the country.

Impact of 5G Expansion on Digital Growth

• Enhanced Digital Inclusion: 5G connectivity is expected to bridge the digital divide and empower rural communities with access to high-speed internet and digital services.
• Economic Growth and Job Creation: Increased 5G adoption is likely to drive economic growth and job opportunities across various sectors, including IT, telecom, and e-commerce.
• Smart Cities and IoT Expansion: The availability of 5G services will facilitate the development of smart cities, IoT ecosystems, and Industry 4.0 solutions.

Future Outlook: Strengthening India’s Digital Ecosystem

As India advances towards a Digital Bharat, the Government remains committed to strengthening the telecom infrastructure and enhancing 5G coverage. With the continued focus on expanding rural connectivity, boosting spectrum efficiency, and promoting technological innovation, India is well on its way to becoming a global leader in digital connectivity and 5G technology.

The Government’s vision for a digitally empowered India is being realised through robust policy reforms, innovative solutions, and accelerated 5G deployment, ensuring that India’s digital ecosystem thrives and empowers millions of citizens.

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